New energy electric vehicles are the primary choice for people to travel in the future. However, the inconsistency of charging standards is a real problem that troubles many people. Take the electric vehicles sold in the market as an example: tesla, tengshi, byd pure electric, Beijing automotive new energy, roeway and other brands have different charging interfaces and different charging technologies. This also brings great difficulty to the design of charging gun. Different standards of charging gun design have different design requirements. Then, how to achieve the design specification of charging gun?
Currently, the charging standards are generally divided into three categories: American standard, European standard and national standard. According to charging technology, it is nothing more than DC charging standard and AC charging standard. The charging standards applied by different brands are also different. The following takes tesla's charging interface as an example to discuss the standard of charging gun.
From the interface, the so-called "American standard" refers to the SAE J1772 ac charging standard, while "European standard" refers to the Mennekes Type 2 interface adopted by tesla in Europe. The most obvious distinction between the two standards in styling is the number of "jack". The so-called "jack" is a "pole" of a charging port. Each pole does a certain amount of work, and not all of them are used to transmit electricity.
SAE J1772 is just a general term. It includes 4 subdivision standards and 3 different charging interface styles. Among them, ac charging standard and dc charging standard are distinguished from Level 1 and Level 2, which are mainly different in output power. Another "European standard", known as Type 2 charging standard, corresponds to "American standard" Type 1. This is the standard adopted by tesla's European standard cars, which are also divided into ac and dc.
As for GB/T, it is only used in China and has regional limitations. Technically speaking, "national standard" is actually an agreement based on the improvement of "European standard". The agreement, issued by the ministry of industry and information technology, is a "recommendation" standard and does not have administrative force. This is one of the reasons why charging standards in different regions of China cannot be unified.
The following focuses on the dc charging standards, dc standards are divided into 3 categories, the first is the Japanese CHAdeMO standard, the second is the national standard dc charging standards, the third is the CCS standard. CCS is a Combined Charging System, meaning that it is technically a technology for Charging, not a standard. The advantage of CCS is that it is compatible with dc and ac charging, such as the current BMW i3. There are two types of specifications mentioned in the article, Type 1 and Type 2, which are a set of certification system of IEC. IEC and SAE have been certified for the same set of charging standards, all with different names.
There are similarities and differences in the design of different standard charging guns. For example, the national standard ac charging gun and European standard charging gun have something in common: the pin and socket are the same, and the temperature sensor is on the gun head; Differences: voltage 250V, mechanical lock, micro switch, pin mounted on gun head. Through the comparative analysis of national standard communication charging gun design slightly greater than the workload of European standard and the design of charging gun in terms of difficulty, oubiao ac charging gun design not reduce, the design difficulty on the way to plug connected to the main body structure, sealing and easy assembly, product structure design engineer should have a unique solution, national standard communication charging gun design focus on the main body part, both side key differs, goals, to meet user extreme experience.
Through the above discussion, we can understand that different standards, specifications have great differences, so in the short term to achieve their unity between each other is not an easy thing. For charging gun design of different standards, designers need to design in strict accordance with the standards, achieve design specifications and high quality, and from the perspective of users, meet the design requirements of enterprises, while providing users with safe, simple and comfortable charging experience.
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